Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Symptoms typically include fever, chills, headache, and muscle aches and can progress to severe complications if untreated. Malaria is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, where mosquito populations are high, and is a significant health concern in many developing countries. Preventing malaria is crucial, as it reduces the risk of infection and protects communities from the disease’s spread. Strategies for prevention include personal protection measures, environmental control, and, in some cases, medication. Keep reading as we share preventive tips you can follow to lower your risk.
Follow these tips to prevent malaria
1. Use mosquito nets treated with insecticide
Sleeping under insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) can drastically reduce exposure to mosquito bites at night. ITNs not only act as a physical barrier but also repel or kill mosquitoes, providing an additional layer of protection, especially in areas where malaria transmission is high.
2. Wear protective clothing
Wearing long sleeves, long pants, and socks helps cover exposed skin, reducing the chances of mosquito bites. Light-coloured clothing is preferable, as mosquitoes are less attracted to lighter shades, which also helps keep you cool in warmer climates.
3. Apply mosquito repellent
Applying a mosquito repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or lemon eucalyptus oil on exposed skin can help keep mosquitoes at bay. Repellents are especially effective in preventing bites during times when mosquitoes are most active, such as dusk and dawn.
4. Use indoor residual spraying (IRS)
Indoor residual spraying involves coating walls and other surfaces with insecticides. Mosquitoes that come in contact with these treated surfaces are killed, reducing their numbers indoors and decreasing the likelihood of malaria transmission within households.
5. Eliminate standing water
Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water, so removing standing water from around your home can reduce mosquito populations. Emptying items like flower pots, buckets, and tires regularly prevents mosquitoes from laying eggs near residential areas.
6. Install window and door screens
Installing fine mesh screens on windows and doors can help keep mosquitoes out of your home, providing continuous protection. This is particularly useful in regions where malaria transmission is high, creating a safer indoor environment.
7. Sleep in air-conditioned or well-sealed rooms
Mosquitoes are less active in cooler, air-conditioned environments. Sleeping in air-conditioned rooms or ensuring that doors and windows are well-sealed helps minimise mosquito entry, reducing the risk of nighttime bites.
8. Take antimalarial medication if traveling
When traveling to areas where malaria is common, taking prophylactic antimalarial medications can significantly lower the risk of infection. These medications are prescribed based on the specific region you’re visiting and should be taken as directed by a healthcare provider.
9. Promote community cleanup efforts
Community efforts to reduce mosquito breeding sites can significantly impact malaria prevention. Organising neighbourhood clean-ups to remove trash and eliminate stagnant water sources helps lower local mosquito populations, benefiting the entire community.
10. Educate and raise awareness
Educating yourself and others about malaria and its prevention is crucial. Awareness programs on preventive measures, symptoms, and the importance of seeking prompt treatment can empower communities to take action and reduce malaria cases.
Follow these tips to reduce your risk of malaria.
Disclaimer: This content including advice provides generic information only. It is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or your own doctor for more information. NDTV does not claim responsibility for this information.